3 Most Common Psychiatric Disorders in Pregnancy

Women go through profound physical and psychological transformations throughout pregnancy. It's a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, but it may be so stressful that it puts your mental health at risk and requires medical treatment. In this blog 3 Most Common Psychiatric Disorders in Pregnancy will discuss the three most common mental disorders that may arise after pregnancy: postpartum elation, postpartum depression, and postpartum psychosis. We'll go through the signs to keep an eye out for and how to tell them apart from one another. We will also look at a real-life case study that illustrates the value of early intervention in getting new mothers the help they need.

3 Most Common Disorders in Pregnancy

Psychiatric Disorders in Pregnancy

There are three psychiatric disorders that can occur during pregnancy

Postpartum Blues

High hormonal changes during and soon after delivery are a typical cause of what are known as "the baby blues" in new mothers. Up to 80% of new moms experience postpartum depression. Symptoms of the postpartum blues often begin three to five days after giving birth, and they should dissipate as hormone levels normalize in the weeks after delivery. Mood swings and feelings of despair often subside within a week or two after delivery, and this illness is not classified as a mental health issue unless symptoms persist for more than two weeks.

Postpartum Depression

New moms might experience a kind of depression called postpartum depression (PPD) after giving birth. While postpartum depression is less frequent than the "baby blues," it is nevertheless a serious kind of sadness that may have a devastating effect on a mother's psyche. Postpartum depression (PPD) is a kind of depression that only manifests itself after giving birth, but otherwise has all the symptoms of severe depression. Women are not immune to developing mood disorders like postpartum depression after giving birth. It usually starts anywhere from a few days to a year after giving birth. A considerable percentage of new moms experience postpartum depression (PPD), with prevalence estimates ranging from 10-20%.

Symptoms of Postpartum Depression

Feelings of melancholy, despair, and emptiness are frequent indicators of postpartum depression, albeit they are not diagnostic criteria. Other symptoms include inability to fall or stay asleep, loss of appetite, and loss of interest in previously pleasurable activities. Some moms also have trouble connecting with their babies and may have feelings of worry and anger. PPD may be a severe disorder that needs treatment, so if you or someone you love is suffering symptoms, it's crucial to get assistance.

How to Differentiate Postpartum Depression from Clinical Depression

Clinical depression and postpartum depression (PPD) share many symptoms, including sorrow, helplessness, and a lack of self-worth. Some people with PPD also worry excessively about their child's health or have intrusive ideas of hurting their infant. If these symptoms continue, medical attention should be sought.

The demanding nature of caring for a newborn sometimes leaves women feeling exhausted, irritable, and anxious. The pressures of your new position make your emotions natural. New moms should take note of any drastic changes in their drive, hunger, or emotional state. If these shifts occur, it is strongly suggested that you see a mental health expert for help. Clinical diagnosis is required for postpartum depression. In order to be diagnosed as PPD, symptoms must have persisted for more than two weeks after giving birth.

Postpartum Psychosis

About 0.1% of new moms are susceptible to postpartum psychosis (PPP), which makes it a very uncommon disease. Delusions, hallucinations, and cognitive dissonance are only few of the symptoms. PPP's precise roots are unclear, although it's thought that postpartum hormone shifts have a role. PPP is a medical emergency that necessitates prompt medical treatment for women who are experiencing it.

Symptoms of Postpartum Psychosis

Symptoms often begin during the first two to three weeks after giving birth and worsen rapidly. A variety of symptoms, some of which are shared with other illnesses, may be brought on by psychotic responses. Delusions, or erroneous beliefs, and hallucinations, or distorted perceptions, are two examples of such disorders. Various more symptoms are possible.

Physical Symptoms of Postpartum Psychosis

The physical manifestations of our emotions manifest in a wide variety of ways. Physical manifestations might include a loss of appetite, a difficulty to sit still, a surge of restless energy, and other similar behaviors. These signs may point to more serious mental problems that need to be treated immediately. If you or someone you know is suffering any of these symptoms, it is crucial that you get help from a qualified medical or mental health expert.

Behavioral Symptoms of Postpartum Psychosis

There is a wide spectrum of behavioral indicators that may accompany mental health issues. One such condition is paranoia, which manifests itself via excessive worry or distrust of others, illogical claims, and fixation on apparently unimportant matters. Both the sufferer and their loved ones may experience discomfort from these symptoms, which may hinder their regular activities. If these symptoms continue or worsen, it is essential to visit a doctor.

Case Study

A 19-year-old female patient who underwent an emergency c-section has come to the office with a concerning set of symptoms. These include disinterest in her newborn, lack of support from her family, frequent crying, and difficulty coping with her current situation. It is important to address these symptoms promptly to ensure the patient receives the appropriate care and support she needs during this challenging time. Starting a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) is considered the optimal course of action.

FAQs

What are the three psychiatric disorders that can occur during pregnancy?

The three psychiatric disorders that can occur during pregnancy are postpartum blues, postpartum depression, and postpartum psychosis.

What are the symptoms of postpartum blues?

The symptoms of postpartum blues include guilt, crying, and feeling overwhelmed. It resolves on its own.

What are the risk factors for postpartum depression?

The risk factors for postpartum depression include a history of depression, poor social support, baby's health problems, difficulty with breastfeeding, and financial difficulties.

How can postpartum depression be diagnosed?

Postpartum depression can be diagnosed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.

What is the treatment for postpartum depression?

Treatment for postpartum depression includes psychotherapy and SSRIs.

What is postpartum psychosis?

Postpartum psychosis is a rare disorder that occurs in less than 1% of pregnancies. Symptoms include visual or auditory hallucinations. Treatment involves antipsychotics under the care of psychiatrists.

What should be done if a patient complains of homicidal or suicidal ideation?

If a patient complains of homicidal or suicidal ideation, they must be referred to the emergency room for immediate hospitalization.